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East-West Foreign Trade Board

• Created by Trade Act of 1974 (H.R.10710, introduced by Rep. Ullman 10/3/1973, enacted as Public law 93-618, 1/3/1975. (title IV, § 411(c));[1], [2] (this will probably link-rot; try http://thomas.loc.gov/cgi-bin/bdquery/z?d093:h.r.10710]) [3]

• Established March 27, 1975 by Executive Order no. 11846 [4] (Ford) (First Report. below, p. 1).
  • William E. Simon, Chairman, designated April 8, 1975 (p.3)
  • L. William Seidman, Deputy Chairman, designated April 8, 1975 (p.3)
  • Note makeup of board, section 7

• Transferred to the President, President by section 5(c) of Reorganization Plan No. 3 of 1979, [5] (19 U.S.C. 2171 note) (see EO12469)

• EO 12469 [6], 49 FR 11799, Mar. 28, 1984; delegated by President Reagan to United States Trade Representative

• First Report (June 28, 1975) [7], [8] (William E. Simon, Chairman) Conclusions on p. 27

• Predecessors: "East-West Trade Policy Committee was established 1973. It was succeeded in 1974 by the President's Committee on East-West Trade Policy and it was from this that new EWFTB was derived. Sometimes the Board was referred to simply as the East-West Trade Board." Dobson, Alan P. (2004). US Economic Statecraft for Survival, 1933-1991: Of Sanctions, Embargoes and Economic Warfare. Routledge. p. 340 n.24. ISBN 9780203402061.

• • Nixon's EO 111789, June 25, 1974, re-designating East-West Trade Policy Committee as President's Committee on East-West Trade Policy

• • See discussion of East-West Trade Policy Committee in U.S. technology and international trade: proceedings of the technical session at the eleventh annual meeting. National Academy of Engineering. 1976. pp. 59–60. (membership, transformation to Board, Seidman as "President's Economic Assistant") (Export-Import Bank, Raymond J. Albright)

• Purpose:
  • "Finally, the Trade Act of 1974 established an East-West Foreign Trade Board to 'monitor' trade between the U.S. and non-market economies, to receive obligatory reports on sales of technology to such countries in excess of $5 million annually and on credits by any U.S. government agency to those countries in excess of $5 million annually." Kaser, Michael (July 1977). "American Credits for Soviet Development". British Journal of International Studies. 3 (2): 137, 141. doi:10.1017/S026021050011695X. JSTOR 20096798.
  • "The East-West Foreign Trade Board is responsible for monitoring 'trade between persons and agencies of the United States Government and non-market economy countries or instrumentalities of such countries to ensure that such trade will be in the national interest of the United States.'" Grzybowski, Kazimierz; Rud, Victor; Stepanyenko, George (April 1977). "Towards Integrated Management of International Trade: The U. S. Trade Act of 1974". The International and Comparative Law Quarterly. 26 (2): 283, 320. doi:10.1093/iclqaj/26.2.283. JSTOR 758462.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: date and year (link)
  • "...generally charged with monitoring the trade, including technology and credits, between persons and agencied pf the U.S. and non-market economy countries." (U.S. technology and international trade, above)

• Chairman also served on the Export Administrative Review Board (See EO 12002; EARB established by Executive Order No. 11533 ([9]) of June 4, 1970)
  • "The E.A.R.B. was established by Executive Order No. 11533 of June 7, 1970, and its membership was expanded by Executive Order No. 11846 to to include the Chairman of the East-West Foreign Trade Board (which latter board was subsequently eliminated by Reorganization Plan No. 3 of 1979)." Murphy, John F.; Downey first2=Arthur T. (October 1981). "National Security, Foreign Policy and Individual Rights: The Quandary of United States Export Controls". The International and Comparative Law Quarterly. 30 (4): 781, 802. doi:10.1093/iclqaj/30.4.791. JSTOR 759642. {{cite journal}}: Missing pipe in: |last2= (help)CS1 maint: date and year (link) CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)