User:Mr. Ibrahem/Fatty liver disease
| Fatty liver | |
|---|---|
| Other names | Hepatic steatosis |
 | |
| Micrograph showing a fatty liver (macrovesicular steatosis), as seen in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Trichrome stain. | |
| Specialty | Gastroenterology |
| Symptoms | None, tiredness, pain in the upper right side of the abdomen[1][2] |
| Complications | Cirrhosis, liver cancer, esophageal varices[1][3] |
| Types | Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), alcoholic liver disease[1] |
| Causes | Alcohol, diabetes, obesity[3][1] |
| Diagnostic method | Based on the medical history supported by blood tests, medical imaging, liver biopsy[1] |
| Differential diagnosis | Viral hepatitis, Wilson disease, primary sclerosing cholangitis[3] |
| Treatment | No alcohol, weight loss[3][1] |
| Prognosis | Good if treated early[3] |
| Frequency | NAFLD: 30% (Western countries)[2] ALD: >90% of heavy drinkers[4] |
Fatty liver disease (FLD), also known as hepatic steatosis, is a condition where excess fat builds up in the liver.[1] Often there are no or few symptoms.[1][2] Occasionally there may be tiredness or pain in the upper right side of the abdomen.[1] Complications may include cirrhosis, liver cancer, and esophageal varices.[1][3]
There are two types of fatty liver disease: non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and alcoholic liver disease.[1] NAFLD is made up of simple fatty liver and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH).[5][1] The primary risks include alcohol, type 2 diabetes, and obesity.[3][1] Other risk factors include certain medications such as glucocorticoids, and hepatitis C.[1] It is unclear why some people with NAFLD develop simple fatty liver and others develop NASH.[1] Diagnosis is based on the medical history supported by blood tests, medical imaging, and occasionally liver biopsy.[1]
It is recommended that people with fatty liver disease do not drink alcohol.[3][2] Treatment of NAFLD is generally otherwise by dietary changes and exercise to bring about weight loss.[1] In those who are severely affected, liver transplantation may be an option.[1] More than 90% of all heavy drinkers develop fatty liver while about 25% develop the more severe alcoholic hepatitis.[4] NAFLD affects about 30% of people in Western countries and 10% of people in Asia.[2] NAFLD affects about 10% of children in the United States.[1] It occurs more often in older people and males.[5][3]
References[edit]
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s "Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease & NASH". National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases. November 2016. Retrieved 7 November 2018.
- ^ a b c d e Singh, S; Osna, NA; Kharbanda, KK (28 September 2017). "Treatment options for alcoholic and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: A review". World Journal of Gastroenterology. 23 (36): 6549–6570. doi:10.3748/wjg.v23.i36.6549. PMC 5643281. PMID 29085205.
{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: unflagged free DOI (link) - ^ a b c d e f g h i Antunes, C; Azadfard, M; Gupta, M (January 2019). "Fatty Liver". PMID 28723021.
{{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires|journal=(help) - ^ a b Basra, Sarpreet (2011). "Definition, epidemiology and magnitude of alcoholic hepatitis". World Journal of Hepatology. 3 (5): 108–113. doi:10.4254/wjh.v3.i5.108. PMC 3124876. PMID 21731902.
{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: unflagged free DOI (link) - ^ a b Iser, D; Ryan, M (July 2013). "Fatty liver disease—a practical guide for GPs". Australian Family Physician. 42 (7): 444–7. PMID 23826593.