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Jut is a topographic metric that describes how sharply or impressively a mountain rises above its surroundings, considering both its height above surroundings and steepness.

Definition[edit]

The jut of a point on the planetary surface equals the maximum possible value of, where

Comparison with elevation and prominence[edit]

On planets without a sea level, elevation values alone are insufficient at describing

Global distribution[edit]

Historical significance[edit]

Chimborazo, an on-top-of-the-world mountain in Ecuador, was once mistaken to be the highest mountain on Earth, despite not even being within the top 30 highest in the Andes.

Before widespread global exploration and accurate measurements were made, many on-top-of-the-world mountains were mistaken to be the highest in the world. OTOTW mountains once presumed to be the highest in the world include Chimborazo, Nanda Devi, Dhaulagiri, Kangchenjunga, and K2.[1]

Mount Elbert vs. Mount Massive height controversy[edit]

List of mountains on Earth with the greatest jut[edit]

There are 29 on-top-of-the-world mountains with an elevation of over 7,000 meters, all of which are located in Asia. While no prominence threshold is used to generate this list, all except one (Qungmogangze) is an ultra-prominent peak with a prominence of at least 1,500 meters. In addition to elevation and prominence, the table also includes jut measurements. Jut is a measure of how sharply or impressively a mountain rises, considering both its height above surroundings and steepness. Jut provides a better indicator of the impressiveness of the summit views than elevation or prominence.[2][3]

On-top-of-the-world mountains with at least 7,000 meters of elevation

Rank Mountain Mountain range[4][5] Elevation[4][5] Prominence[4][5] Jut[2] Coordinates[4][5]
1 Mount Everest Himalayas 8,848 m (29,029 ft) 8,848 m (29,029 ft) 2,190 m (7,190 ft) 27°59′17″N 86°55′31″E / 27.98806°N 86.92528°E / 27.98806; 86.92528
2 K2 Karakoram 8,611 m (28,251 ft) 4,020 m (13,190 ft) 2,495 m (8,186 ft) 35°52′53″N 76°30′48″E / 35.88139°N 76.51333°E / 35.88139; 76.51333
3 Kangchenjunga Himalayas 8,586 m (28,169 ft) 3,922 m (12,867 ft) 2,057 m (6,749 ft) 27°42′11″N 88°08′53″E / 27.70306°N 88.14806°E / 27.70306; 88.14806
4 Dhaulagiri Himalayas 8,167 m (26,795 ft) 3,357 m (11,014 ft) 3,149 m (10,331 ft) 28°41′48″N 83°29′35″E / 28.69667°N 83.49306°E / 28.69667; 83.49306
5 Manaslu Himalayas 8,163 m (26,781 ft) 3,092 m (10,144 ft) 2,506 m (8,222 ft) 28°33′00″N 84°33′35″E / 28.55000°N 84.55972°E / 28.55000; 84.55972
6 Nanga Parbat Himalayas 8,126 m (26,660 ft) 4,608 m (15,118 ft) 3,110 m (10,200 ft) 35°14′15″N 74°35′21″E / 35.23750°N 74.58917°E / 35.23750; 74.58917
7 Shishapangma Himalayas 8,027 m (26,335 ft) 2,897 m (9,505 ft) 1,523 m (4,997 ft) 28°21′00″N 85°46′00″E / 28.35000°N 85.76667°E / 28.35000; 85.76667
8 Distaghil Sar Karakoram 7,885 m (25,869 ft) 2,525 m (8,284 ft) 1,766 m (5,794 ft) 36°16′12″N 75°11′51″E / 36.27000°N 75.19750°E / 36.27000; 75.19750
9 Nanda Devi Himalayas 7,816 m (25,643 ft) 3,139 m (10,299 ft) 2,408 m (7,900 ft) 30°22′31″N 79°58′03″E / 30.37528°N 79.96750°E / 30.37528; 79.96750
10 Batura Sar Karakoram 7,795 m (25,574 ft) 3,118 m (10,230 ft) 2,004 m (6,575 ft) 36°31′10″N 74°31′22″E / 36.51944°N 74.52278°E / 36.51944; 74.52278
11 Rakaposhi Karakoram 7,788 m (25,551 ft) 2,818 m (9,245 ft) 2,799 m (9,183 ft) 36°08′35″N 74°29′50″E / 36.14306°N 74.49722°E / 36.14306; 74.49722
12 Namcha Barwa Himalayas 7,782 m (25,531 ft) 4,106 m (13,471 ft) 2,268 m (7,441 ft) 29°36′09″N 95°03′59″E / 29.60250°N 95.06639°E / 29.60250; 95.06639
13 Kamet Himalayas 7,756 m (25,446 ft) 2,825 m (9,268 ft) 1,583 m (5,194 ft) 30°55′55″N 79°35′58″E / 30.93194°N 79.59944°E / 30.93194; 79.59944
14 Tirich Mir Hindu Kush 7,708 m (25,289 ft) 3,910 m (12,830 ft) 2,004 m (6,575 ft) 36°15′32″N 71°50′18″E / 36.25889°N 71.83833°E / 36.25889; 71.83833
15 Gurla Mandhata Kailash Range 7,694 m (25,243 ft) 2,788 m (9,147 ft) 1,384 m (4,541 ft) 30°28′35″N 81°17′49″E / 30.47639°N 81.29694°E / 30.47639; 81.29694
16 Saser Kangri Saser Muztagh 7,672 m (25,171 ft) 2,304 m (7,559 ft) 1,455 m (4,774 ft) 35°25′13″N 77°16′59″E / 35.42028°N 77.28306°E / 35.42028; 77.28306
17 Kongur Tagh Pamir Mountains 7,649 m (25,095 ft) 3,585 m (11,762 ft) 2,253 m (7,392 ft) 38°35′28″N 75°11′45″E / 38.59111°N 75.19583°E / 38.59111; 75.19583
18 Gangkhar Puensum Himalayas 7,570 m (24,840 ft) 2,995 m (9,826 ft) 1,557 m (5,108 ft) 28°01′43″N 90°26′53″E / 28.02861°N 90.44806°E / 28.02861; 90.44806
19 Mount Gongga Daxue Mountains 7,570 m (24,840 ft) 2,995 m (9,826 ft) 1,680 m (5,510 ft) 29°34′12″N 102°11′04″E / 29.57000°N 102.18444°E / 29.57000; 102.18444
20 Muztagh Ata Pamir Mountains 7,509 m (24,636 ft) 2,698 m (8,852 ft) 1,815 m (5,955 ft) 38°16′48″N 75°06′59″E / 38.28000°N 75.11639°E / 38.28000; 75.11639
21 Ismoil Somoni Peak Pamir Mountains 7,495 m (24,590 ft) 3,402 m (11,161 ft) 2,090 m (6,860 ft) 39°02′59″N 72°56′17″E / 39.04972°N 72.93806°E / 39.04972; 72.93806
22 Jengish Chokusu Tian Shan 7,439 m (24,406 ft) 4,148 m (13,609 ft) 1,876 m (6,155 ft) 42°02′57″N 80°07′59″E / 42.04917°N 80.13306°E / 42.04917; 80.13306
23 Noijin Kangsang Transhimalaya 7,206 m (23,642 ft) 2,160 m (7,090 ft) 1,221 m (4,006 ft) 28°50′59″N 90°11′11″E / 28.84972°N 90.18639°E / 28.84972; 90.18639
24 Liushi Shan Kunlun Mountains 7,167 m (23,514 ft) 1,946 m (6,385 ft) 549 m (1,801 ft) 35°18′57″N 80°54′57″E / 35.31583°N 80.91583°E / 35.31583; 80.91583
25 Mount Nyenchen Tanglha Transhimalaya 7,162 m (23,497 ft) 2,239 m (7,346 ft) 832 m (2,730 ft) 30°29′00″N 90°11′00″E / 30.48333°N 90.18333°E / 30.48333; 90.18333
26 Nun Himalayas 7,135 m (23,409 ft) 2,404 m (7,887 ft) 1,877 m (6,158 ft) 33°53′29″N 76°17′49″E / 33.89139°N 76.29694°E / 33.89139; 76.29694
27 Lunpo Gangri Transhimalaya 7,095 m (23,278 ft) 1,941 m (6,368 ft) 823 m (2,700 ft) 29°50′0″N 84°36′48″E / 29.83333°N 84.61333°E / 29.83333; 84.61333
28 Kangto Himalayas 7,090 m (23,260 ft) 2,195 m (7,201 ft) 1,789 m (5,869 ft) 27°47′17″N 92°32′59″E / 27.78806°N 92.54972°E / 27.78806; 92.54972
29 Qungmogangze Transhimalaya 7,048 m (23,123 ft) 1,358 m (4,455 ft) 1,058 m (3,471 ft) 29°36′29″N 90°17′57″E / 29.60806°N 90.29917°E / 29.60806; 90.29917

See also[edit]

References[edit]

  1. ^ Cite error: The named reference ototw-mountains was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  2. ^ a b Cite error: The named reference peakjut was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  3. ^ Cite error: The named reference peakbagger-glossary was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  4. ^ a b c d Cite error: The named reference summitpost was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  5. ^ a b c d Cite error: The named reference peakbagger was invoked but never defined (see the help page).