Portal:Coffee

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The Coffee Portal

Introduction

Coffee is a beverage brewed from roasted coffee beans. Darkly colored, bitter, and slightly acidic, coffee has a stimulating effect on humans, primarily due to its caffeine content. It has the highest sales in the world market for hot drinks.

The seeds of the Coffea plant's fruits are separated to produce unroasted green coffee beans. The beans are roasted and then ground into fine particles typically steeped in hot water before being filtered out, producing a cup of coffee. It is usually served hot, although chilled or iced coffee is common. Coffee can be prepared and presented in a variety of ways (e.g., espresso, French press, caffè latte, or already-brewed canned coffee). Sugar, sugar substitutes, milk, and cream are often added to mask the bitter taste or enhance the flavor.

Though coffee is now a global commodity, it has a long history tied closely to food traditions around the Red Sea. The earliest credible evidence of coffee drinking as the modern beverage appears in modern-day Yemen in southern Arabia in the middle of the 15th century in Sufi shrines, where coffee seeds were first roasted and brewed in a manner similar to how it is now prepared for drinking. The coffee beans were procured by the Yemenis from the Ethiopian Highlands via coastal Somali intermediaries, and cultivated in Yemen. By the 16th century, the drink had reached the rest of the Middle East and North Africa, later spreading to Europe. (Full article...)

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Maraba coffee (Kinyarwanda: Ikawa ya Maraba; French: Café de Maraba) is grown in the Maraba area of southern Rwanda. Maraba's coffee plants are the Bourbon variety of the Coffea arabica species and are grown on fertile volcanic soils on high-altitude hills. The fruit is handpicked, mostly during the rainy season between March and May, and brought to a washing station in Maraba, where the coffee beans are extracted and dried. At several stages, the beans are sorted according to quality. The farmers receive credits based on the amount and quality of the beans they provide.

The beans are sold to various roasting companies, with the best beans going to Union Coffee Roasters of the United Kingdom, who produce a Fairtrade-certified brand and Community Coffee of the United States. Rwanda Smallholder Specialty Coffee Company (RWASHOSCCO) buys from Maraba and sells to the domestic market. Maraba coffee is also brewed into a beer.

About 500,000 smallholder farmers grow the coffee plants under the Abahuzamugambi cooperative, founded in 1999. Since 2000, the cooperative has been supported by the National University of Rwanda (NUR) and the PEARL. The cooperative has improved coffee quality and penetrated the speciality market. (Full article...)

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The following are images from various coffee-related articles on Wikipedia.

Image 1In a pour-over, the water passes through the coffee grounds, gaining soluble compounds to form coffee. Insoluble compounds remain within the coffee filter. (from Coffee preparation)
Image 2Central European Habsburg coffee house culture: news, coffee, the glass of water and the marble table top (2004) (from Coffee culture)
Image 3The word coffee in various European languages (from Coffeehouse)
Image 4Coffeehouses often sell pastries or other food items. (from Coffeehouse)
Image 5Cafés in central Tirana (2017) (from Coffee culture)
Image 6Dutch engraving of Mocha in 1692 (from History of coffee)
Image 7Coffeepot (cafetière "campanienne"), part of a service, 1836, hard-paste porcelain, Metropolitan Museum of Art (from History of coffee)
Image 8Allow cold brew to steep for 8 to 24 hours (from Coffee preparation)
Image 9Café neon sign in Breda (from Coffeehouse)
Image 10Statue of Fernando Pessoa by Lagoa Henriques, next to the A Brasileira café, in Chiado, Lisbon. (from Coffeehouse)
Image 11Single serve Vietnamese drip filter (from Coffee preparation)
Image 12Caffè Florian in Venice (2015) (from Coffee culture)
Image 13Rumah Loer, a contemporary-style coffee shop (Indonesian: rumah kopi kekinian) in Palembang, Indonesia (from Coffeehouse)
Image 14Café Mélange, Vienna (from Coffeehouse)
Image 15Family in Söderhamn, Sweden, seated for fika (c. 1916) (from Coffee culture)
Image 16A cup of coffee with cheesecake at a cafe in Helsinki, Finland (from Coffee culture)
Image 17Various grinders for coffee and spices (from Coffee preparation)
Image 18Kaffa kalid coffeepot, by French silversmith François-Thomas Germain, 1757, silver with ebony handle, Metropolitan Museum of Art (from History of coffee)
Image 19Commercial espresso machine (from Coffee preparation)
Image 20"Discussing the War in a Paris Café", The Illustrated London News, 17 September 1870 (from Coffeehouse)
Image 21Coffee house culture between Vienna and Trieste: the coffee, the newspaper, the glass of water and the marble tabletop (from History of coffee)
Image 22A café in a former church, Utrecht (from Coffeehouse)
Image 23A Viennese coffeehouse (2004) (from Coffee culture)
Image 24Syrian Bedouin from a beehive village in Aleppo, Syria, sipping the traditional murra (bitter) coffee, 1930 (from History of coffee)
Image 25Home espresso machine without pump (only with steam pressure) (from Coffee preparation)
Image 26A Viennese café (from Coffeehouse)
Image 27Coffee plantation (from History of coffee)
Image 28Caffè Florian in Venice (from Coffeehouse)
Image 29Café Kampela, Helsinki (from Coffeehouse)
Image 30Monsooned Malabar arabica, compared with green Yirgachefe beans from Ethiopia (from History of coffee)
Image 31A 1652 handbill advertising coffee for sale in St. Michael's Alley, London (from History of coffee)
Image 32Café Zimmermann, Leipzig (engraving by Johann Georg Schreiber, 1732) (from History of coffee)
Image 33Caffè San Marco in Trieste, known for its artists, writers and intellectuals (2014) (from Coffee culture)
Image 34Moka pot (from Coffee preparation)
Image 35Trieste from where the cappuccino spread (from Coffeehouse)
Image 36The Federal Coffee Palace, built on Collins Street, Melbourne, in 1888, was the largest and grandest Coffee Palace ever built. It was demolished in 1973. (from Coffeehouse)
Image 37Centre Place, Melbourne. Australia and New Zealand have competing claims as being the birthplace of the "flat white". (from Coffeehouse)
Image 38The Coffee Bearer by John Frederick Lewis (1857) (from History of coffee)
Image 39A coffee shop at a library in Melbourne (2006) (from Coffee culture)
Image 40Filter coffee being brewed (from Coffee preparation)
Image 41A shop specialised in drip coffee in Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand (from Coffeehouse)
Image 42Pope Clement VIII: The Pope who popularised coffee in Europe among Christians (from History of coffee)
Image 43Interior of an espresso bar from Baliuag, Philippines (from Coffeehouse)
Image 4418th century French plan of Mocha, Yemen. The Somali, Jewish and European quarters are located outside the citadel. The Dutch, English, Turkish and French trading posts are inside the city walls. (from History of coffee)
Image 45An espresso by the glass in Trieste - in the local dialect "Nero in B" (from Coffee culture)
Image 46Home espresso machine with pump (from Coffee preparation)
Image 47Dutch coffee-roasting machine, c. 1920 (from Coffee preparation)
Image 48A coffeehouse in Damascus (2003) (from Coffee culture)
Image 49A coffee bearer, from the Ottoman quarters in Cairo (1857) (from Coffee culture)
Image 50A coffeehouse in London, 17th century (from Coffeehouse)
Image 51Drip coffee maker (from Coffee preparation)
Image 52Inside of a kopitiam, Malaysia (from Coffeehouse)
Image 53Coffee break in Belgrade (2013) (from Coffee culture)
Image 54A variation on the moka pot with the upper section formed as a coffee fountain (from Coffee preparation)
Image 55Coffee grinder (from Coffee preparation)
Image 56Moka 2 Cup Coffee Fountain (from Coffee preparation)
Image 57A coffee shop in Angeles City, Philippines (from Coffeehouse)
Image 58Les Deux Magots in Paris, once a famous haunt of French intellectuals (2006) (from Coffee culture)
Image 59Café Tortoni is an emblematic café in Buenos Aires. Frequented by Jorge Luis Borges among many other figures of Argentina. (from Coffeehouse)
Image 60A coffeehouse in Cairo, 18th century (from Coffeehouse)
Image 61Wheel coffee grinder (from Coffee preparation)
Image 62Caffe Reggio on MacDougal Street in New York City's Greenwich Village which was founded in 1927 (from Coffeehouse)
Image 63The Café de Flore in Paris is one of the oldest coffeehouses in the city. It is celebrated for its famous clientele, which included high-profile writers and philosophers. (from Coffeehouse)
Image 64Roadside café on the summer terrace. Buryatia, Russia (from Coffeehouse)
Image 65The Grey Owl Coffee shop in Norman, Oklahoma (from Coffeehouse)
Image 66Palestinian women grinding coffee, 1905 (from History of coffee)

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... that Hurricane Rick of 1997 caused coffee prices on the Coffee, Sugar and Cocoa Exchange in New York to jump 4.7% because it threatened coffee crops at a time when they were vulnerable to winds blowing them down?

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Iced yuenyeung at a cha chaan teng in Hong Kong (2007)

Yuenyeung (Chinese: 鴛鴦, often transliterated according to the Cantonese language pronunciation yuenyeung, yinyeung, or yinyong; yuanyang in Mandarin) is a drink created by mixing coffee with tea. It originated in Hong Kong, where it remains popular.

The exact method of creating yuenyeung varies by vendor and region, but it generally consists of brewed coffee and black tea with sugar and milk. According to the Hong Kong Leisure and Cultural Services Department, the mixture is three parts coffee and seven parts Hong Kong–style milk tea. It can be served hot or cold. (Full article...)

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Vietnamese iced coffee

Credit: Mike Verdone

Vietnamese iced coffee at its simplest is made with finely ground Vietnamese-grown dark roast coffee individually brewed with a small metal French drip filter (cà phê phin) into a cup containing about a quarter to a half as much sweetened condensed milk, stirred and poured over ice.

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Did you know (auto-generated)

... that Monmouth Coffee Company in Covent Garden was one of the foundations for the third wave of coffee in London?
... that in a copyright infringement case over a coffee-table history of the Grateful Dead, the Second Circuit held that a reuser can still claim fair use despite negotiating with the rights holder?
... that Arab Coffeehouse depicts Henri Matisse's visit to Tangier, where he saw its locals gaze for hours into fishbowls?
... that Bob Dylan poked Emmylou Harris when he wanted her to start singing during the recording of "One More Cup of Coffee (Valley Below)"?
... that actor Tatsunari Kimura ate pancakes and drank coffee while talking for eight hours during the filming of the television drama Old-Fashioned Cupcake?
... that the Claudia Quintet was born out of an incident at alt.coffee?
... that Kenyan coffee farmer "Pinkie" Jackson amassed Africa's largest collection of native butterflies?
... that Justly Watson died suddenly in 1757 from the effects of poison administered in his coffee, it was believed, by a servant?

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Web resources

World Coffee Research – a 501 (c)(5) nonprofit program of the international coffee industry. (Wikipedia article: World Coffee Research)
Coffee Research Foundation – based in Kenya, and founded in 1908
Central Coffee Research Institute – based in Chickmagalur District, India, and founded in 1915

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v t e Coffee
Topics	Economics Fair trade History International Coffee Day Single-origin coffee Third-wave coffee
Production	Coffee production Organic coffee Shade-grown coffee Sustainable coffee List of countries by coffee production Coffee roasting Coffee wastewater Decaffeination Home roasting
Species and varieties	Arabica Benguet Blue Mountain Bonifieur Bourbon Geisha Kona Maracaturra Maragogipe Molokai S795 Sagada Charrieriana Liberica Barako Racemosa Robusta Sulu
Components	Cafestol Caffeic acid Caffeine Coffee bean Furan-2-ylmethanethiol Kahweol
Preparation	AeroPress Arabic coffee Jebena Brewed coffee Chemex Cezve Chorreador Coffeemaker Cold brew nitro Drip coffee Espresso doppio lungo ristretto Espresso machine French drip Karlsbad coffee maker French press Instant coffee Coffee syrup Knockbox Moka pot Neapolitan flip coffee pot Percolator Turkish coffee Vacuum maker Single-serve coffee container
Coffee drinks	Affogato Americano Beaten coffee Bica Bicerin Black Russian Cà phê sữa đá Café au lait Café com cheirinho Café con leche Café de olla Café Touba Caffè corretto Caffè crema Caffè macchiato Caffè mocha Cappuccino Carajillo Coffee cabinet Coffee milk Cortado Café Cubano Dalgona coffee Egg coffee Espresso Flat white Frappé coffee Frappuccino Galão Garoto Gassosa al caffè Iced coffee Indian filter coffee Ipoh white coffee Irish coffee Karsk Kopi Kopi luwak Kopi tubruk Kurdish coffee Latte macchiato Latte Liqueur coffee Long black Lungo Marocchino Mazagran Moretta Oliang Raf coffee Red eye Ristretto Rüdesheimer Kaffee Tenom coffee Turkish coffee White coffee White Russian Wiener Melange Yuenyeung
Organization lists	Bakery cafés Coffee companies Coffeehouses
Lifestyle	Barista Bikini barista Caffè sospeso Coffee break Coffee ceremony of Ethiopia and Eritrea CoffeeCon Coffee culture Coffee cupping Coffee palace Coffeehouse Historical coffeehouses Kopi tiam Latte art Viennese coffee house
Substitutes	Barley coffee Barley tea Barleycup Caro Cereal coffee Chicory Dandelion coffee Inka Maya nut Postum Qishr
Serving vessels	Coffee cup sleeve Cezve Demitasse spoon Tasse à café Zarf
Competitions	United States Barista Championship World Barista Championship World Brewers Cup
Misc.	Coffee and doughnuts Coffee bag Coffee service Coffee leaf rust Coffee wars Gustav III of Sweden's coffee experiment Canned coffee Coffee vending machine Used coffee grounds Sustainable coffee
Coffee portal Category: Coffee

v t e Coffee production by region
Top 20 producers (2014)	Brazil Colombia Costa Rica Dominican Republic Ecuador El Salvador Ethiopia Guatemala Honduras India Indonesia Java Ivory Coast Mexico Nicaragua Papua New Guinea Peru Tanzania Thailand Uganda Vietnam
Other cultivators	Angola Bolivia China Cameroon Cuba Democratic Republic of the Congo East Timor Guadeloupe Guam Haiti Jamaica Kenya Laos Martinique Panama Paraguay Philippines Puerto Rico Sri Lanka United States (Hawaii) Venezuela
Lists	List of countries by coffee production List of countries by coffee exports

v t e Coffee in Italy
Roasters	illy Lavazza Massimo Zanetti Beverage Group Caffè Pascucci Caffè del Doge Guglielmo Caffè
Historical Coffeehouses	Antico Caffè Greco Caffè Bardi Caffè-Pasticceria Cova Caffè Florian Caffè Giubbe Rosse Caffè Lavena Caffè Michelangiolo Caffè Quadri Caffè San Marco Caffè Fiorio Caffè Gambrinus Gran Caffè Doney Palazzina Majani, Bologna Pedrocchi Café Antico Caffè Spinnato
People	Alfonso Bialetti Francesco Illy Luigi Lavazza Angelo Moriondo
Technology	Bialetti Caffitaly Cimbali FrancisFrancis De'Longhi Elektra Faema Gaggia La Marzocco Lelit Rancilio Saeco Smeg
Drinks	Affogato Barbajada Bicerin Bombardino Caffè corretto Caffè crema Caffè macchiato Espressino Espresso Lungo Ristretto Doppio Latte macchiato Marocchino Mocaccino Shakerato Gassosa al caffè Moretta
Other	Barista Caffè sospeso Easy Serving Espresso Pod Espresso machine IperEspresso ISSpresso Lavazza A Modo Mio Moka pot Neapolitan flip coffee pot