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The dog (Canis familiaris or Canis lupus familiaris) is a domesticated descendant of the wolf. Also called the domestic dog, it is derived from the extinct Pleistocene wolf; the gray wolf is the dog's closest living relative. The dog was the first species to be domesticated by humans. Experts estimate that hunter-gatherers domesticated dogs more than 15,000 years ago, which was before the development of agriculture. Due to their long association with humans, dogs have expanded to a large number of domestic individuals and gained the ability to thrive on a starch-rich diet that would be inadequate for other canids.

The dog has been selectively bred over millennia for various behaviors, sensory capabilities, and physical attributes. Dog breeds vary widely in shape, size, and color. They perform many roles for humans, such as hunting, herding, pulling loads, protection, assisting police and the military, companionship, therapy, and aiding disabled people. Over the millennia, dogs became uniquely adapted to human behavior, and the human–canine bond has been a topic of frequent study. This influence on human society has given them the sobriquet of "man's best friend". (Full article...)

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A long-haired Russkiy Toy

The Russian Toy (also known as the Russian Toy Terrier, and in Russia as the Russkiy Toy, Russian: Русский той) is a very small breed of dog originally bred in Russia from the English Toy Terrier. There are two types of coats in the breed: smooth coat and long coat. The smooth-coated variety was previously known as the Russian Toy Terrier and long-coated as the Moscow Long-Haired Toy Terrier. Both were brought together under the same Russian Toy Terrier name in 1988 and the "Terrier" was dropped from the name when the breed was added in 2006 to the official list of breeds registered with the Fédération Cynologique Internationale. The breed has been registered in the Foundation Stock Service of the American Kennel Club (AKC) since 2008, and has been allowed to compete in AKC companion events since 2010. The first official breed standard of the two varieties was written in 1966 in Russia.

The breed was nearly wiped out twice; first in the 1920s with the rise of Communism due to the toy dog's traditional link to the aristocracy and again in the 1990s with the influx of foreign breeds following the fall of the Iron Curtain. The smooth coat type is the older of the two types, with the long coat type first appearing in 1958. (Full article...)

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Purebred dogs, such as these Airedale Terriers, may participates in conformation dog shows with its owner or handler. Dog shows (and the related sport of Junior Handling for children and young people) are a popular activity; a single show, the 2006 Crufts dog show alone had 143,000 spectators, with 24,640 purebred dogs entered, representing 178 different breeds from 35 different countries.

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Stump is named Best in Show at the 2009 Westminster Dog Show.

Ch. Clussexx Three D Grinchy Glee (December 1, 1998 – September 25, 2012), better known as Stump, was a male Sussex Spaniel who won Best In Show at the 2009 Westminster Kennel Club Dog Show. Stump was the first of his breed to win that honor and, at 10 years old, the oldest dog ever to win the prize. He also won the Sporting Group at Westminster in 2004, the first such victory for his breed, and amassed 51 Best in Show awards throughout his career. One of his owners described him as "the most famous Sussex (Spaniel) that has ever lived".

Stump's breeders were Douglas Horn, Douglas Johnson, and Dee Duffy, and he was owned by Cecilia Ruggles and Beth Dowd. He was handled by Scott Sommer, who also trained 2001 Westminster Best in Show winner J.R., a Bichon Frise with whom Stump lived for most of his life. Stump became seriously ill in 2005 with a body-wide bacterial infection, infection on his heart valves, and other ailments often fatal for dogs. He was so sick that euthanasia was considered. Stump spent 19 days in hospitalization, including 12 in intensive care at Texas A&M University's Small Animal Hospital, and he ultimately survived. (Full article...)

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The following are images from various dog-related articles on Wikipedia.

Image 1Lateral view of a dog skull, jaw closed (from Dog anatomy)
Image 2Cavapoo puppy (from Puppy)
Image 3Australian Cattle Dog puppy (from Puppy)
Image 4Sled dog types, sketched in 1833 (from Dog breed)
Image 5A mongrel puppy (from Puppy)
Image 6Two Shih Tzu puppies (from Puppy)
Image 7A little mongrel puppy on the shore, on Halong Bay (from Puppy)
Image 8A wolf mandible diagram showing the names and positions of the teeth (from Dog anatomy)
Image 9The dog's retina shows the optic disc and the eye's vasculature. (from Dog anatomy)
Image 10An 1897 illustration showing a range of European dog breeds (from Dog breed)
Image 11NASA astronaut Leland D. Melvin with his dogs Jake and Scout (from Dog behavior)
Image 12Tesem, an ancient Egyptian sight-hound (from Dog breed)
Image 13Watercolor tracing made by archaeologist Henri Breuil from a cave painting of a wolf-like canid, Font-de-Gaume, France, dated 19,000 years ago (from Domestication of the dog)
Image 14Schematic anatomy of the ear. In dogs, the ear canal has a "L" shape, with the vertical canal (first half) and the horizontal canal (deeper half, ending with the eardrum) (from Dog anatomy)
Image 15Basset Hound (from Puppy)
Image 16German Spitz puppy (from Puppy)
Image 17President Lyndon B. Johnson with a basket of puppies in 1966 (from Puppy)
Image 18Chihuahua puppy (from Puppy)
Image 19"Five different types of dogs", c. 1547. (from Dog breed)
Image 20Reduction in size under selective breeding – grey wolf and chihuahua skulls (from Domestication of the dog)
Image 21Bison surrounded by grey wolf pack (from Domestication of the dog)
Image 22Golden Retriever puppy (from Puppy)
Image 23Cave wolf skull, Natural History Museum, Berlin (from Domestication of the dog)
Image 24A labradoodle puppy and a Golden Retriever puppy playing together. (from Puppy)
Image 25St. Bernard puppy (from Puppy)
Image 26Sled dog types, sketched in 1833 (from Domestication of the dog)
Image 27Mammoth bone dwelling, Mezhirich site, Ukraine (from Domestication of the dog)
Image 28Bloodhound puppy (from Puppy)
Image 29Dog knee (from Dog anatomy)
Image 30A cavapoo and maltipoo running back while playing fetch (from Dog behavior)
Image 31The difference in overall body size between a Cane Corso (Italian mastiff) and a Yorkshire terrier is over 30-fold, yet both are members of the same species. (from Domestication of the dog)
Image 32A dog's teeth (from Dog anatomy)
Image 33Basenji puppy (from Puppy)
Image 34An extinct Turnspit dog, 1800 (from Dog type)
Image 35The dog diverged from a now-extinct population of wolves 27,000–40,000 years ago immediately before the Last Glacial Maximum, when much of the mammoth steppe was cold and dry. (from Domestication of the dog)
Image 36A drawing by Konrad Lorenz showing facial expressions of a dog - a communication behavior. X-axis is aggression, y-axis is fear. (from Dog behavior)
Image 37Frontal view of a dog skull (from Dog anatomy)
Image 38Petroglyph depicting two dogs hunting – Tassili n'Ajjer, Algeria (from Domestication of the dog)
Image 39The nose of a dog (from Dog anatomy)
Image 40Example of a dog making prolonged eye contact with a human (from Domestication of the dog)
Image 41Sled dogs, 1833 (from Dog type)
Image 42Lateral view of a dog skull, jaw opened (from Dog anatomy)
Image 43The Greenland dog carries 3.5% genetic material inherited from a 35,000-year-old wolf from the Taymyr Peninsula, Arctic Siberia. (from Domestication of the dog)
Image 44Diagram of a wolf skull with key features labelled (from Domestication of the dog)
Image 45Montage showing the morphological variation of the dog. (from Dog breed)
Image 46External anatomy (topography) of a typical dog: 1. Head 2. Muzzle 3. Dewlap (throat, neck skin) 4. Shoulder 5. Elbow 6. Forefeet 7. Croup (rump) 8. Leg (thigh and hip) 9. Hock 10. Hind feet 11. Withers 12. Stifle 13. Paws 14. Tail (from Dog anatomy)
Image 47Montage showing the coat variation of dogs. (from Dog anatomy)
Image 48Newborn Welsh Springer Spaniels (from Puppy)
Image 49Puggle puppy (from Puppy)
Image 50Skeleton of a dog:
1. Cranium
2. Maxilla
3. Mandible
4. Atlas
5. Axis
6. Scapula
7. Spine of scapula
8. Humerus
9. Radius
10. Ulna
11. Phalanges
12. Metacarpal bones
13. Carpal bones
14. Sternum
15. Cartilaginous part of the rib
16. Ribs
17. Phalanges
18. Metatarsal bones
19. Tarsal Bones
20. Calcaneus
21. Fibula
22. Tibia
23. Patella
24. Femur
25. Ischium
26. Pelvis
(from Dog anatomy)
Image 51Lateral view of a dog skeleton (from Dog anatomy)
Image 52Cart dogs, c. 1900; different in appearance but doing the same work (from Dog type)
Image 53Newborn Basenji puppies (from Puppy)
Image 54A dog's whiskers (from Dog anatomy)
Image 55The difference in body size between a Cane Corso (Italian mastiff) and a Yorkshire Terrier is over 30-fold; both are members of the same species. (from Dog anatomy)
Image 56Chihuahua mix and purebred Great Dane (from Dog breed)
Image 57Jack Russell Terrier puppy (from Puppy)
Image 58Mandible of the oldest recognised dog discovered in Bonn-Oberkassel, Germany, and dated 14,200 years old (from Domestication of the dog)
Image 59Scent-rolling (from Dog behavior)
Image 60West Highland White Terrier puppies (from Puppy)

Did you know (auto-generated) - show different entries

... that the poor of ancient Rome were compared to dogs by the Roman writer Martial?
... that philosopher George Pitcher adopted a stray dog and her puppy that he took everywhere, including on a trip to France aboard the Queen Elizabeth 2?
... that a Hot Dog Bean screenprint from Andy Warhol's Campbell's Soup Cans II sold for $258,046 in 2013?
... that Pyrenean Mountain Dogs were urgently introduced onto French farms in the 1990s to protect flocks from wolves that had arrived from Italy?
... that Herbert James Gunn used a paper cut-out of Princess Elizabeth's corgi dog to help him paint his Conversation Piece at the Royal Lodge, Windsor?
... that Ethan Loch, a blind pianist, was inspired by Rowlf the Dog?

More did you know... - show different entries

...that Laurence Mancuso was the founding abbot of the Eastern Orthodox monastic community of New Skete (pictured), which is known for its dog training?
...that "On the Internet, nobody knows you're a dog" is the most reproduced cartoon from The New Yorker magazine, and its title a phrase still used around the world?
...that the famous quote "No man who hates dogs and children can be all bad" generally attributed to Leo Rosten was actually first used in 1930 by future war correspondent Byron Darnton?
...that the expressions 'top dog' and 'underdog' may originate with the two sawyers in a saw pit?

...that Lap dogs are among the oldest types of dogs?
...that the Kangal Dog has been declared a "National Cultural and Historic Treasure" by the Turkish government?
...that breed type is the basis of judging in conformation dog shows?
...that the closest relative of the Portuguese Water Dog is widely thought to be the Standard Poodle?

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Stubs : Aksaray Malaklisi, Alopekis, Argentine pila dog, Armant (dog), Banjara Hound, Barbado da Terceira, Braque Dupuy, Bruno Jura Hound, Bulgarian Scenthound, Cane Lupino del Gigante, Cane Paratore, Cantabrian Water Dog, Český fousek, Faroese Sheepdog, Georgian Shepherd, German Spitz Mittel, Gończy Polski, Grand Griffon Vendéen, Himalayan Sheepdog, Hygen Hound, Indian Spitz, Japanese Terrier, Kaikadi (dog), Koyun dog, Kumaon Mastiff, Levriero Italiano, Mahratta Hound, Majorca Ratter, Montenegrin Mountain Hound, Northern Inuit Dog, Phu Quoc Ridgeback, Plummer Terrier, Porcelaine, Pyrenean Mastiff, Rampur Greyhound, Romanian Mioritic Shepherd Dog, Romanian Raven Shepherd Dog, Sapsali, Sarabi dog, Sardinian Shepherd Dog, Schweizer Laufhund, Segugio Italiano, Segugio Maremmano, Segugio dell'Appennino, Sinhala Hound, Slovak Cuvac, South Russian Ovcharka, St. Hubert Jura Hound, Stichelhaar, Taigan, Tazy, Telomian, Treeing Cur, Vikhan Sheepdog, Villano de las Encartaciones, Villanuco de Las Encartaciones, White Shepherd, White Swiss Shepherd Dog, Xiasi Dog More stubs...
Other : Tag and assess "dog" articles with {{WikiProject Dogs}} banner. See also Dog breeds WikiProject to do list.

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